四種常用時態

　　1.一般現在時

　　(1)表示經常發生的動作或事情，通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes，always,never”等詞。

　　(2)基本結構：

　　I / You / We / They He / She / It

　　肯定句(Positive) 動詞原形(V) 動詞第三人稱單數形式(V+S)

　　否定句(Negative) don’t + 動詞 doesn’t + 動詞原形

　　一般疑問句(Yes/No) Do… ? Yes, I do. Does…(動詞原形)…?No,she doesn’t.

　　特殊疑問句(wh-) What do …? How does she…(動詞原形)…?

　　(3) 動詞第三人稱單數形式

　　a. Most verbs +s walk-walks

　　b. Verbs ending in a consonant +y -y +ies fly-flies

　　c. Verbs ending in s, sh, ch or x +es watch-watches

　　d. Others do-does ,have-has, go-goes

　　2.現在進行時,

　　(1)表示正在發生的動作，通常用“now,look”.

　　(2)基本形式： be + 動詞+ing

　　eg: I am(not) doing my homework.

　　You/We/They are(not) reading.

　　He/She/It is(not) eating.

　　What are you doing?

　　Is he reading?

　　(3)動詞的現在分詞形式(do+ing)

　　Most verbs +ing walk—walking

　　Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming

　　Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant Double

　　consonant run-running

　　swim-swimming

　　3. 一般過去時態x kb1.c om

　　(1) 表示過去已經發生的事情,通常用 “last week, just now, yesterday”等詞。

　　(2) be 動詞的過去式: am/is—was are—were

　　I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….

　　一般疑問句was, were 放在句首。

　　(3)過去式基本結構

　　肯定句(Positive) 動詞過去式 I went shopping last night.

　　否定句(Negative) Didn’t + 動詞原形 I didn’t go shopping last night.

　　一般疑問句(Yes/No) Did …+ 動詞原形…? Did you go shopping last night?

　　特殊疑問句(wh-) What did…+ 動詞原形…? What did you do last night?

　　(4)動詞過去式的變化：

　　規則動詞的變化：

　　一般動詞 +ed planted,watered,climbed

　　以不發音的e結尾 +d liked

　　輔音字母加y結尾 -y+ ied study—studied, cry- cried

　　重讀閉音節單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母 雙寫最后一個字母+ed stop –stopped

　　plan - planned

　　不規則動詞的變化：

　　原形 過去式 原形 過去式 原形 過去式 原形 過去式

　　sweep swept teach taught have had go went

　　keep kept think thought do did find found

　　sleep slept buy bought eat ate say said

　　feel felt drink drank is/am was take took

　　read read give gave are were mean meant

　　put put sing sang drive drove meet met

　　cut cut begin began speak spoke make made

　　let let ring rang write wrote see saw

　　fly flew run ran ride rode come came

　　draw drew sit sat hear heard tell told

　　grow grew learn learned/ learnt get got know knew

　　4.一般將來時

　　一般將來時表示將來打算做的事或將要發生的事情。

　　結構：be going to +動詞原形

　　例如：I’m going to visit my grandpa next week.

　　與這個時態連用的時間狀語常用：

　　tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, in three hours, two days later 等。

　　一般將來時態與其它結構表將來情況的區別：

　　一般將來時態 ：主要從時間的角度表將要發生的動作或情況。

　　一般將來時除了使用“shall/will + V…”以外，也可以使用下列的句式來表達。

　　1.be going to + V … (即將會……;打算將……)

　　be going to 結構 ：①表(主觀上)打算或準備做某事時。 ②表有發生某事的預兆時。

　　e.g. They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.

　　據以上區別，故下面一句是錯的：

　　I am going to be eighteen years old next year.

　　應改為： I shall be eighteen years old next year.

　　be about to do sth 結構 ：意為“剛要做某事”、“馬上要做某事”強調時間之緊迫性。

　　e.g. We are about to discuss this problem.

　　我們將馬上討論這個問題。

　　be to do sth 結構： 表示按計劃、安排、規定將實施某事或表示注定會發生某事。

　　e.g. When is the train to leave.

　　shall與will用法的區別詳見(shall與will用法的區別及它兩過去式用法的區別)

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